000			03671nab a22003377a 4500
999			_c8223 _d8223
005			20250625151640.0
008			230608s2023 ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_aAFVC
100			_aHing, Nerilee _910051
245			_aIntimate partner violence linked to gambling : _bcohort and period effects on the past experiences of older women _cNerilee Hing, Catherine O’Mullan, Lydia Mainey, Elaine Nuske and Helen Breen
260			_bBMC, _c2023
500			_aBMC Women's Health, 2023, 23: 165
520			_aBackground Problem gambling increases the risk of experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). People impacted by gambling-related IPV face distinctive challenges, and these may be compounded by intersections with gender, generational influences and contextual factors. This study explored the past experiences of older women affected by male partner violence linked to gambling, and how these were shaped by cohort and period effects and problem gambling. Cohort effects are the generational characteristics of a group born at a particular time, while period effects relate to prevailing external conditions at the time of the abuse, including laws, services and practices. Methods A larger study exploring the nature of the relationship between problem gambling and IPV recruited 72 women through help services and advertising. The current study analysed a subset of interviews with 22 women aged 50 years or over. We analysed the data using adaptive grounded theory to explore the intersection between IPV, gambling, and cohort and period effects. Results Cohort effects on the women’s experiences of IPV included gendered attitudes, traditional views of marriage, silence surrounding IPV, reticence to disclose the abuse, and little understanding of problem gambling. These influences deterred women from questioning their partner’s gambling, and to instead keep the gambling and abuse hidden. Many women did not recognise abuse linked to gambling as IPV, since gambling was considered a normal, harmless pastime. Having a gambling problem exacerbated violence and coercive control by male partners as traditional gender norms supported male authority over their female partner. Women with a gambling problem sometimes felt they deserved the abuse. Period effects included a lack of IPV and gambling services, gendered service responses, failure to prioritise the women’s safety, and no consideration by services of the role of gambling in the abuse. Conclusion Reducing gender inequality is critical to reduce male partner violence towards women. Women impacted by gambling-related IPV, including the legacy of past abuse, need service responses that recognise all forms of abuse, understand the historical and contextual factors that exacerbate it, and recognise how gambling can amplify IPV. A reduction in problem gambling is needed to reduce gambling-related IPV. (Authors' abstract). Record #8223
650			_aATTITUDES _970
650			_aELDER ABUSE _9220
650			_aFINANCIAL ABUSE _92968
650			_aINTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE _9431
650			_aOLDER WOMEN _96157
650			_aPROBLEM GAMBLING _9464
650		4	_aVICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE _9624
651			_aINTERNATIONAL _93624
651		4	_aAUSTRALIA _92597
700			_aO'Mullan, Catherine _912026
700			_aMainey, Lydia _912027
700			_aNuske, Elaine _912028
700			_aBreen, Helen _912029
773	0		_tBMC Women's Health, 2023, 23: 165
830			_aBMC Women's Health _96617
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02316-0 _zDOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02316-0 (Open access)
942			_2ddc _cARTICLE _hnews120