000			03436nam a22002657a 4500
999			_c7318 _d7318
005			20250625151558.0
008			211021s2021 ||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_aAFVC
245			_aMan enough? _bMeasuring masculine norms to promote women’s empowerment _cOECD
260			_aParis : _bOECD Publishing, _c2021
300			_aelectronic document ; HTML
520			_aMasculinities are social constructs that relate to perceived notions – shared by both men and women – about how men behave and how they are expected to behave in order to be considered “real” men. They are shaped by and are part of social institutions – formal and informal laws, social norms and practices. Diverse forms of masculinities coexist across cultures, geographical locations and time, and some of these masculinities directly hinder women’s empowerment and gender equality. “Restrictive masculinities” and their associated norms are often rigid and promote inflexible notions and expectations of what it means to be a “real” man. In contrast, other masculinities, defined in this publication as “gender-equitable masculinities”, present a more flexible alternative, permitting men to take on diverse roles and behaviours, while not limiting women’s agency. For example, gender-equitable masculinities do not define men’s role in the household as strictly providers, but rather allow for their fuller engagement in all aspects of household life, including unpaid care and domestic work. Furthermore, by acknowledging women’s economic contribution, gender-equitable masculinities support women’s broader access to education, the labour market and decision-making roles. Indeed, the masculinities that govern a society shape women’s and girls’ opportunities and constraints across all aspects of life, especially within the economic, political and private spheres. This publication analyses norms of restrictive masculinities and provides a roadmap to measure changing norms of masculinities. It identifies ten norms of restrictive masculinities that produce direct consequences for women’s and girls’ empowerment and well-being across the economic, political and private spheres. It also provides an alternative vision of gender-equitable masculinities across these spheres. In order to facilitate gender-equitable masculinities that promote women’s empowerment and provide support towards gender equality, there is a need to equip policy makers with the tools to facilitate this transformation. One of these tools is the ability to measure masculine norms across cultures and geographies. As such, this report proposes indicators that can be used as proxies to measure and analyse changing masculinities and their impact on women’s empowerment. (From the Executive summary). Record #7318
650			_aATTITUDES _970
650			_aECONOMIC ASPECTS _9213
650		4	_9228 _aEMPOWERMENT
650			_aGENDER EQUALITY _96853
650			_aMASCULINITY _9361
650			_aSocial Institutions and Gender Index _910364
650		0	_aVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN _93088
651			_aINTERNATIONAL _93624
710			_99174 _aOECD
856			_uhttps://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/6ffd1936-en/index.html?itemId=/content/publication/6ffd1936-en
856			_uhttps://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/social-institutions-and-gender-index_803413ef-en _ySocial Institutions and Gender Index
942			_2ddc _cREPORT