000			03946nab a22003617a 4500
999			_c6332 _d6332
005			20250625151513.0
008			190724s2019 xxu||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_aAFVC
100			_93535 _aHeise, Lori L.
245			_aGender inequality and restrictive gender norms : _bframing the challenges to health _cLori Heise, Margaret E. Greene, Neisha Opper, Maria Stavropoulou, Caroline Harper, Marcos Nascimento, Debrework Zewdie, on behalf of the Gender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee
260			_bThe Lancet, _c2019
500			_aThe Lancet, 2019, 393(10189): 2440–2454 (Gender Equality, Norms and Health 1)
520			_aGender is not accurately captured by the traditional male and female dichotomy of sex. Instead, it is a complex social system that structures the life experience of all human beings. This paper, the first in a Series of five papers, investigates the relationships between gender inequality, restrictive gender norms, and health and wellbeing. Building upon past work, we offer a consolidated conceptual framework that shows how individuals born biologically male or female develop into gendered beings, and how sexism and patriarchy intersect with other forms of discrimination, such as racism, classism, and homophobia, to structure pathways to poor health. We discuss the ample evidence showing the far-reaching consequences of these pathways, including how gender inequality and restrictive gender norms impact health through differential exposures, health-related behaviours and access to care, as well as how gender-biased health research and health-care systems reinforce and reproduce gender inequalities, with serious implications for health. The cumulative consequences of structured disadvantage, mediated through discriminatory laws, policies, and institutions, as well as diet, stress, substance use, and environmental toxins, have triggered important discussions about the role of social injustice in the creation and maintenance of health inequities, especially along racial and socioeconomic lines. This Series paper raises the parallel question of whether discrimination based on gender likewise becomes embodied, with negative consequences for health. For decades, advocates have worked to eliminate gender discrimination in global health, with only modest success. A new plan and new political commitment are needed if these global health aspirations and the wider Sustainable Development Goals of the UN are to be achieved. (Authors' abstract). This is the first in a Series of five papers about gender equality, norms, and health. The Series on Gender Equality, Norms, and Health is a collection of five papers, led by Gary Darmstadt and colleagues that provides new analysis and insights into the impact of gender inequalities and norms on health, and the opportunities that exist within health systems, programmes, policies, and research to transform gender norms and inequalities. (From the website).. For more information about the series, follow the link. Record #6332
650			_aATTITUDES _970
650			_aGENDER _9269
650			_aGENDER EQUALITY _96853
650			_aHEALTH _9283
650			_aSOCIAL CHANGE _9544
650			_aWOMEN _9645
700			_aGreene, Margaret E. _98523
700			_aOpper, Neisha _98524
700			_aStavropoulou, Maria _98525
700			_aHarper, Caroline _98526
700			_aNascimento, Marcos _98527
700			_aZewdie, Debrework _98528
710			_aGender Equality, Norms, and Health Steering Committee _98529
773			_tThe Lancet, 2019, 393(10189): 2440–2454 (Gender Equality, Norms and Health 1)
830			_94435 _aThe Lancet
830			_aGender Equality, Norms, and Health (The Lancet series) _98530
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1016/ S0140-6736(19)30652-X _yRead abstract
856			_uhttps://www.thelancet.com/series/gender-equality-norms-health _yAccess the series
942			_2ddc _cARTICLE