000			04096nab a2200445Ia 4500
650	2	7	_9458 _aPREVENTION
650	2	7	_9103 _aCHILD ABUSE _2FVC
999			_c1835 _d1835
001			115719
005			20250625151139.0
008			110331s2009 eng
022			_a0145-2134
040			_aWSS _dAFV
100			_aKelly, Patrick _91477
245			_aNon-accidental head injury in New Zealand : _bthe outcome of referral to statutory authorities _cKelly, Patrick; MacCormick, Judith; Strange, Rebecca
260			_c2009
365			_a00 _b0
500			_aChild Abuse and Neglect 33(6) June 2009 : 393-401
520			_aObjectives To describe the outcome of referral to the statutory authorities for infants under 2 years with non-accidental head injury (NAHI), and to establish whether the authorities held sufficient information to develop a risk profile for these cases. Methods Retrospective review of cases admitted to hospital in Auckland, New Zealand from 1988 to 1998. Records from the hospital admission, child protective services and Police were reviewed, up to 19 years from diagnosis. Results Of 39 infants, 33 survived to leave hospital. Documentation of risk factors was erratic, and sometimes incongruent between agencies. Inter-agency case conferences took place in 17/39 (44%). The Department of Child, Youth and Family Services (CYF) used an informal family agreement to secure safety in 15/33 survivors (45%). Family Group Conferences occurred in 17/33 (52%). Nine of 33 were placed permanently outside the home (27%), two (6%) with unrelated caregivers. Charges were laid in 18/39 cases (46%). Fifteen cases came to trial, with 14 convictions (36%). Of the survivors, 44% were later renotified to CYF. There was no obvious relationship between type of intervention and re-notification. Conclusions Ensuring the safety of an infant with NAHI, and identifying and taking appropriate action with regard to the offender, are complex tasks. In New Zealand, data collection is often incomplete and inter-agency practice and collaboration is variable. Although the rate of prosecution was relatively high by international standards, many children were later notified again for further concerns of abuse or neglect, suggesting that our interventions have been only partially successful. Practice implications This paper suggests that all infants admitted to hospital with non-accidental head injury should become part of a prospective inter-agency research study, using a standardised data collection instrument. This should include the systematic collection of all data known or suspected to be associated with risk of child abuse, and incorporate long-term prospective follow-up, regardless of child protective or legal outcomes. Without large numbers followed prospectively and according to sound methodology, it is difficult to prove which forms of intervention are better than others at reducing the risk of further abuse. [Reprinted from Child Abuse & Neglect, Vol 33, Patrick Kelly, Judith MacCormick, Rebecca Strange, Non-accidental head injury in New Zealand: The outcome of referral to statutory authorities, 393-401, 2009, with permission from Elsevier http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01452134]
524			_acan
610	1		_96967 _aNew Zealand. _bChild, Youth and Family.
650	2	7	_2FVC _aCHILD NEGLECT _9114
650	2	7	_aCHILD PROTECTION _9118
650	2	7	_2FVC _aCHILDREN AT RISK _9131
650	2	7	_aFAMILY GROUP CONFERENCES _9243
650	2	7	_aHEALTH _9283
650	2	7	_2FVC _aINFANTS _9313
650	2	7	_2FVC _aINTERVENTION _9326
650	2	7	_aPHYSICAL ABUSE _9439
650	2	4	_aRISK ASSESSMENT _9504
650	2	7	_2FVC _aRISK FACTORS _9505
650	2	7	_aSHAKEN BABY SYNDROME _93257
650	2	0	_aTRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY _93258
650	2	7	_aWOUNDS AND INJURIES _9654
651		4	_aNEW ZEALAND _92588
700	1		_aMacCormick, Judith _91590
700	1		_aStrange, Rebecca _92164
773	0		_tChild Abuse and Neglect 33(6) June 2009 : 393-401
856			_uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.09.008 _zRead the abstract
942			_2ddc _cARTICLE