TY  - SER
AU  - de Heer, Brooke A.
AU  - Jones, Lynn C.
TI  - Tonic immobility as a defensive trauma response to rape: bridging public health and law
PY  - 2024///
PB  - Sage, 
KW  - CONSENT
KW  - CRIMINAL JUSTICE
KW  - EVIDENCE
KW  - LAW REFORM
KW  - RAPE
KW  - RAPE MYTH
KW  - SEXUAL VIOLENCE
KW  - SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
KW  - TRAUMA
KW  - VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE
KW  - INTERNATIONAL
KW  - UNITED STATES
N1  - Violence Against Women, 2024, 30(12-13), 3111-3139
N2  - There is widespread scientific evidence that validates tonic immobility (TI) as part of the trauma response in victims of rape, and criminal justice practitioners are increasingly trained in trauma-informed approaches. Yet, legal and policy definitions of consent do not fully recognize TI during the incident as evidence of nonconsent. Using a systematic review of U.S. law and policy regarding sexual violence and consent, this paper analyzes the substantial legal reform of rape law and definitions of consent, suggesting ways to further integrate TI into existing law and legal practices to improve public health approaches and justice responses for victims. (Authors' abstract). Record #8185
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012231174347
ER  -