Tonic immobility as a defensive trauma response to rape : bridging public health and law
de Heer, Brooke A.
Tonic immobility as a defensive trauma response to rape : bridging public health and law Brooke A. de Heer and Lynn C. Jones - Sage, 2024 - Violence Against Women .
Violence Against Women, 2024, 30(12-13), 3111-3139
There is widespread scientific evidence that validates tonic immobility (TI) as part of the trauma response in victims of rape, and criminal justice practitioners are increasingly trained in trauma-informed approaches. Yet, legal and policy definitions of consent do not fully recognize TI during the incident as evidence of nonconsent. Using a systematic review of U.S. law and policy regarding sexual violence and consent, this paper analyzes the substantial legal reform of rape law and definitions of consent, suggesting ways to further integrate TI into existing law and legal practices to improve public health approaches and justice responses for victims. (Authors' abstract). Record #8185
CONSENT
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
EVIDENCE
LAW REFORM
RAPE
RAPE MYTH
SEXUAL VIOLENCE
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
TRAUMA
VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE
INTERNATIONAL
UNITED STATES
Tonic immobility as a defensive trauma response to rape : bridging public health and law Brooke A. de Heer and Lynn C. Jones - Sage, 2024 - Violence Against Women .
Violence Against Women, 2024, 30(12-13), 3111-3139
There is widespread scientific evidence that validates tonic immobility (TI) as part of the trauma response in victims of rape, and criminal justice practitioners are increasingly trained in trauma-informed approaches. Yet, legal and policy definitions of consent do not fully recognize TI during the incident as evidence of nonconsent. Using a systematic review of U.S. law and policy regarding sexual violence and consent, this paper analyzes the substantial legal reform of rape law and definitions of consent, suggesting ways to further integrate TI into existing law and legal practices to improve public health approaches and justice responses for victims. (Authors' abstract). Record #8185
CONSENT
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
EVIDENCE
LAW REFORM
RAPE
RAPE MYTH
SEXUAL VIOLENCE
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
TRAUMA
VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE
INTERNATIONAL
UNITED STATES